Electoral volatility calculation

Electoral volatility calculation: Pedersen (1979), Powell and Tucker (2014) and Torcal and Lago (2015).

evolat(
  tidy_data,
  method,
  threshold = 2,
  summary = FALSE,
  digits = 2,
  scale = 100
)

Arguments

tidy_data	data.frame that contains the following variables with these names: election: year of election. unit: the unit of analysis (province, department ...) party: name of the political parties that obtain votes. votes: votes obtained by each party. M: magnitude of the district. Only if the method = 3. It refers to the M + 1 rule (only 'M' must be loaded). If the data is not structured in this way you can order it with: convert_esaps.
method	Method to calculate electoral volatility: method = "Pedersen" or method = 1. method = "Powell and Tucker" or method = 2. method = "Torcal and Lago" or method = 3.
threshold	Minimum threshold for 'Type A' electoral volatility calculation (Powell and Tucker, 2014). By default is 2%.
summary	Summary of data by unit, by default it is FALSE.
digits	integer indicating the number of decimal places to be used.
scale	By default it is 100, the indices will vary between 0 and 100. If scale = 1 the variation will be between 0 and 1.

Value

if summary = FALSE, return data.frame.

if summary = TRUE, return a list with two data.frame.

• list[[1]] Indicator

• list[[2]] Summary by 'unit'

  • min variable 'election'

  • max variable 'election'

  • number of elections

  • mean indicator

  • standard deviation indicator

Author

Nicolas Schmidt nschmidt@cienciassociales.edu.uy

Examples

votes <- data.frame(election = rep(c(1995, 2000, 2005, 2010),4),
                    unit = "ARG",
                    party = rep(c("party_A","party_B","party_C","party_D"), each = 4),
                    votes = c(30,30,20,20,30,50,40,30,30,10,30,25,10,10,10,25))
evolat(votes, 1)
#>   election unit eVolat
#> 1     2000  ARG     20
#> 2     2005  ARG     20
#> 3     2010  ARG     15
evolat(tidy_data = votes, method = 1, summary = TRUE)
#> [[1]]
#>   election unit eVolat
#> 1     2000  ARG     20
#> 2     2005  ARG     20
#> 3     2010  ARG     15
#> 
#> [[2]]
#>   unit first_elec last_elec election mean_volat sd_volat
#> 1  ARG       2000      2010        3      18.33     2.89
#>